Archived Protocols
Waitangi Tribunal
COVID-19 Protection Framework Protocol
1 December 2021
1. This protocol will take effect when New Zealand moves into the Covid-19 Protection Framework system at 11:59pm on Thursday 2 December 2021.
Principles
2. Courts and Tribunals are an essential service. Under the Protection Framework the Waitangi Tribunal will carry out all normal scheduled hearings and other events.
3. I am conscious that a significant number of claimants and members of the public who attend Tribunal hearings are people who are over 70, are immunocompromised, or who are otherwise particularly vulnerable to the effects of the Covid-19 virus. It is important that the Tribunal take account of this, and set in place guidelines to ensure the safety of all who normally attend Tribunal events – particularly our pakeke (elderly), but also all parties, counsel, Tribunal staff, Tribunal members, Presiding Officers and members of the public.
4. With this in mind, all persons entering the Waitangi Tribunal for inquiry hearings or other Tribunal events – namely, all parties, counsel, Tribunal staff, Tribunal members, Presiding Officers and members of the public – will have to comply with the directions set out in this protocol.
Entry to hearings and other Tribunal events
5. Anyone seeking to enter a Waitangi Tribunal hearing must present a current My Vaccine pass or provide acceptable evidence of a negative COVID-19 test administered within 72 hours prior to entry to the Tribunal. These requirements will also apply to all other Tribunal events, including judicial conferences and mediations.
6. Counsel, parties or other persons who are unable to meet the requirements set out in paragraph 5 above may participate in or observe a hearing or other Tribunal event by telephone conference, audio-visual link (AVL) or another form of videoconferencing, such as Zoom. Any person who needs to participate remotely in a hearing due to the above requirements should contact the Tribunal in advance of the hearing so that the necessary arrangements for remote participation can be made. If any party does not have access to the necessary phone or internet services to participate in a hearing by telephone or videoconferencing, they should apply to the Tribunal for directions as to how they can be heard remotely.
7. Counsel or parties who are able to meet the requirements set out in paragraph 5 above, but do not wish to participate in a Tribunal event in person, may apply to the Tribunal to participate remotely.
8. Everyone who attends a Tribunal event in person must comply with the health and safety requirements set out below, together with any other health and safety directives that may be given by the Presiding Officer. No person who is unwell should attend a Tribunal event at any time.
9. Where a Tribunal hearing is to be held at a marae, Tribunal staff will liaise with marae representatives to discuss these requirements and ensure that there are no concerns with them being in place during the hearing. Tribunal hearings will only take place at marae when the marae committee and representatives are comfortable with these requirements, and that their own marae health and safety requirements will be met by all attendees.
10. All Tribunal hearings will be open to the public, as is normal practice, subject to any memorandum-directions from the Presiding Officer. However, the social distancing requirements set out below may limit the number of public able to attend a hearing in person.
11. All Tribunal hearings will where possible be livestreamed to enable the public to observe proceedings if they are unable to attend in person.
Hearings conducted at a location within a COVID-19 Protection Framework Green level
12. Tribunal hearings at a location in a COVID-19 Protection Framework Green level will generally be conducted in person, subject to the provisions set out in paragraphs 5-11 above.
Hearings conducted at a location within a COVID-19 Protection Framework Red or Orange level
13. At a location in a COVID-19 Protection Framework Red or Orange level, the Waitangi Tribunal will continue to carry out its work, with hearings conducted in person (subject to the provisions set out in paragraphs 5-11 above), by remote technology or by a combination of both, as determined by the Presiding Officer and Tribunal panel in consultation with claimants and counsel.
Health and Safety
14. Persons present at a Tribunal hearing and other events must observe one-metre social distancing requirements at all levels of the Covid-19 Protection Framework. This may result in limits to the number of people able to attend in person.
15. At Red and Orange levels, all persons present in a Tribunal hearing and other events must wear a face mask in public areas. Those attending the hearing or event will be reminded of this by Tribunal staff upon their arrival, and attendees will be offered a mask if they do not already have one. Masks are to be worn at all times at hearings, unless permission is given by the Presiding Officer to remove a mask or if a medical exemption applies. Where a medical exemption applies, attendees will be required to present proof of the exemption, such as a doctor’s certificate, to Tribunal staff. Tribunal staff will wear masks when in hearings and other public spaces.
16. At Green level, wearing a face mask in hearings and public areas is encouraged.
17. The following hygiene practices can be expected in all hearings:
a. Those present in the hearing, including counsel, are required to maintain appropriate one-metre social distancing.
b. Cleaning products are available on site to enable staff and lawyers to keep their immediate areas clean (including AVL suites).
c. Hand sanitiser will be readily available.
18. Any concerns about health and safety practices in the Tribunal should be raised with the Tribunal Registrar in the first instance.
Filing
19. Any filing with the Tribunal should be done, where possible, by email or post. The email and postal addresses for all Waitangi Tribunal filing can be found on the Tribunal’s website at https://waitangitribunal.govt.nz/contact-us/.
20. Where email or postal filing is not possible, Tribunal applications and documents may be filed in person at the Tribunal offices. Anyone seeking to file documents in person or enter the Tribunal offices for any other reason must meet the same requirements for entry as are set out for Tribunal hearings and events at paragraph 5 above. Measures will be put in place at the Tribunal’s reception to ensure appropriate social distancing between all Tribunal visitors. No one who is feeling unwell should file any Tribunal documents in person.
21. No filing in hard copy shall be handed to staff during the course of a Tribunal hearing. All documents parties seek to produce for the Tribunal during a hearing must be filed electronically.
Media
22. Accredited news media will continue to have entry to Tribunal hearings (subject to the provisions in paragraphs 5-11 above) in order to report on proceedings, and to ensure open and transparent justice. Remote access for accredited news media will also continue to be facilitated. All access by media must be approved by the Presiding Officer of the relevant inquiry through a media application, available on the Tribunal’s website.
Expectations of counsel
23. Counsel are expected to assist the Tribunal by:
a. Briefing clients and witnesses on public health message and the requirements of this protocol, including:
i. Not to come to any Tribunal event if unwell.
ii. To advise counsel as early as possible if they are unable to attend a Tribunal event.
iii. Social distancing expectations in hearing venues and other Tribunal events.
iv. What they may expect by way of PPE and hygiene supplies in the Tribunal.
b. Seeking remote participation in appropriate cases, including in relation to the requirements set out in paragraphs 5-11 above
c. Raising any deficiencies with cleaning, the availability of cleaning supplies or social distancing with the Tribunal Registrar immediately.
Chief Judge Wilson Isaac, Chairperson
1 December 2021
Previous protocols, past alert levels (covers period 2020 - 30 June 2021)
Please refer to
Protocol, COVID-19 Past Alert Level 1, as at 30 June 2021
Protocol, COVID-19 Past Alert Level 2, reissued 23 June 2021
Protocol during Past Alert Level 2 (Auckland Region) and Past Alert Level 1 (Rest of the country) issued 3 September 2020
Protocol during Past Alert Level 3 (August 2020, Auckland region)
Protocol during Past Alert Level 1 (9 June 2020)
Protocol during Past Alert Level 2 (May-June 2020)
Protocol during Past Alert Level 3 (April-May 2020)
Protocol during Past Alert Level 4 (6 April 2020(
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Protocol, COVID-19 Past Alert Level 1, issued 8 October 2020, current as at 30 June 2021
Filing and fees
Hygiene
Community transmission response
Protocol: COVID-19 Past Alert Level 1
Chairperson Wilson Isaac
8 October 2020 (reinstated 5 March 2021). Current as at 30 June 2021.
1. This protocol will take effect when New Zealand, or any region of New Zealand, is at Level 1 of the Covid-19 Alert System. It should be read in conjunction with the Government’s Covid-19 Alert System Level 1 measures.
2. At Level 1, the Waitangi Tribunal will carry out all of its scheduled work and return to normal operation.
3. The use of remote participation will remain available for use in appropriate cases, to be determined by Presiding Officers on a case-by-case basis.
Filing and fees
4. Filing of applications and other Tribunal documents may be made either in person at the Tribunal counter or electronically at Level 1.
Hygiene
5. If an applicant, respondent, counsel or any other persons required or proposing to attend a Tribunal hearing, conference or other event are unwell, they should not attend in person. If this applies, the presiding judge should be advised so that alternative arrangements for the appearance may be made.
6. For all parties in attendance at a Tribunal hearing, physical distancing, the wearing of masks and the use of the NZ COVID Tracer App or a personal record to track your attendance is strongly encouraged.
7. The Ministry of Justice will provide the hygiene measures described on their website.
8. Any concerns about health and safety practices at a Tribunal hearing, conference or other event should be raised with the Tribunal Registrar in the first instance.
Community transmission response
9. At Alert Level 1, it remains possible that a new cluster of Covid-19 community transmission may be confirmed within the location served by the Tribunal. In that event the Tribunal will rely on official advice. Steps may be taken to reduce in-person attendances at Tribunal events to help protect those working or appearing there. The extent of any reduction will depend on the circumstances and official advice or notices.
10. If a location is required to return to Alert Level 2, 3 or 4, the Tribunal is now better equipped for remote participation.
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Protocol: COVID-19 Past Alert Level 2
Chairperson Wilson Isaac
15 February 2021 - reissued 23 June 2021.
1. This protocol will take effect when New Zealand, or any region of New Zealand, moves to Level 2 of the Covid-19 Alert System. It should be read in conjunction with the Government’s Covid-19 Alert System Level 2 restrictions.
2. Courts and Tribunals are an essential service. At Alert Level 2, and subject to the restrictions noted below, the Waitangi Tribunal will carry out all usual scheduled work that can be safely supported. This requires the co-operation of all parties to ensure the Tribunal functions at the fullest extent that it safely can in performance of its constitutional role.
3. Under Level 2, the Waitangi Tribunal may hold some in-person hearings. However, for the safety of Tribunal parties and staff, the majority of Tribunal events will continue to be undertaken on the papers or via phone- and video-conferencing.
Considerations
4. Waitangi Tribunal proceedings, particularly hearings held on marae, often have high attendance from members of the public in addition to claimants, counsel, Tribunal members and Tribunal staff. A large number of claimants and members of the public who commonly attend Tribunal hearings are people over 70, are immunocompromised, or have certain pre-existing conditions, for whom the current government advice is that they should remain at home while there is a risk of Covid-19 transmission.
5. It is important that the Tribunal take account of this, and set in place guidelines to ensure the safety of all who normally attend Tribunal events – particularly our pakeke (elderly), but also all claimants, counsel, Tribunal staff and Tribunal members.
6. The principal considerations that have guided this protocol are as follows:
a. Government advice regarding public events and appropriate social distancing at all times;
b. Ensuring the safety of all claimants, counsel, staff, Tribunal members, and members of the public that normally attend Waitangi Tribunal hearings; and
c. The desirability of limiting the need for claimants, counsel, Tribunal members and staff to attend Tribunal events in person, where participation can be arranged remotely.
General Principles
7. The Waitangi Tribunal will continue to operate, but will do so in a manner which safeguards claimants, counsel, Tribunal members, Tribunal staff and members of the public.
8. In scheduling hearings, judicial conferences and panel meetings, Presiding Officers should ensure that where an event can be held remotely (eg by all parties using audio-visual link conferencing (AVL), another form of videoconferencing such as Zoom, or by teleconference), that method should be preferred while this protocol is in place.
9. Where a Tribunal event cannot practically be held remotely, Tribunal claimants, counsel, witnesses, members and staff may be asked to travel to attend an in-person hearing or other event. The scheduling of such events will be made by the Presiding Officer for the relevant inquiry in consultation with the Chairperson.
10. If an in-person hearing would require a party to attend who has recently travelled (for purposes other than transiting between regions) to an area at a higher Alert Level, they should advise Tribunal staff of this and discuss attendance using telephone- or video-conferencing instead of attending in person.
11. All those attending an in-person Waitangi Tribunal event should wear a face mask while inside the hearing venue and any other associated public spaces. Those attending the event will be reminded of this by Tribunal staff upon their arrival at the venue. Attendees will be offered a mask if they do not already have one.
12. Counsel, parties and witnesses may be required to remove masks when addressing the Tribunal or otherwise by direction of the Presiding Officer.
13. Tribunal staff will wear masks when in the hearing venue and any other associated public spaces.
14. All public Waitangi Tribunal events will be livestreamed where possible, with a link made available to all parties and members of the public who wish to view proceedings. Transcripts of all Tribunal hearings will be made publicly available, as is currently the case. Translation services for submissions made in te reo Māori will be made available through simultaneous translation where possible, and through the published transcript where simultaneous translation is not possible.
Filing
15. Any filing with the Waitangi Tribunal should be done, where possible, by email or post. The email and postal addresses for all Waitangi Tribunal filing can be found on the Tribunal’s website.
16. Where email or postal filing is not possible, Tribunal applications and documents may be filed in person at the Waitangi Tribunal. Measures will be put in place at the Tribunal’s reception to ensure appropriate social distancing between all Tribunal visitors. No one who is feeling unwell should file any Tribunal documents in person.
Hearings
17. For all currently scheduled Waitangi Tribunal hearings, and in setting down any new hearings, Presiding Officers must first consider whether the hearing can be conducted while ensuring appropriate social distancing, and all other health and safety considerations, for attendees.
18. Where the Presiding Officer is confident that a Tribunal hearing can be undertaken safely, they should next consult with all parties to ascertain whether there are any concerns from claimants, counsel or other parties with attending the hearing in person, whether alternative arrangements should be made for some parties (especially any in high-risk groups) to attend remotely, or whether any parties seek a postponement of their hearing in light of the current alert level.
19. Before hearing, the Tribunal will notify all parties who are set to appear advising them that:
a. If they are unwell, over the age of 70, immunocompromised, or have an underlying respiratory condition, they should not attend the hearing in person. Arrangements can be made for evidence to be given by telephone- or video-conferencing, where appropriate.
b. That the hearing will be livestreamed, and a link provided to all participants and interested parties on the Tribunal’s inquiry distribution list to view proceedings remotely.
c. A transcript of the hearing will be made available to all on the distribution list following the hearing, and will be publicly available.
20. While Tribunal hearings are normally open to the public, at Level 2 public attendance will be limited to only those people who can safely attend a hearing in a manner that ensures appropriate social distancing and meets all other Government requirements. As noted above, all Tribunal events will where possible be livestreamed to enable the public to observe proceedings while minimising the need for in-person attendance.
Judicial Conferences
21. Judicial conferences are public events held between the Tribunal panel and counsel to address interlocutory or procedural matters. The numbers in attendance at such conferences are generally more limited than at Tribunal hearings.
22. In keeping with the General Principles outlined above, whenever a judicial conference can be held by AVL, Zoom or teleconference, this method should be preferred while this protocol is in place.
23. While normal Tribunal practice is to allow claimants and members of the public who wish to attend judicial conferences to do so, while there are ongoing concerns around the possible community transmission of Covid-19 it is appropriate that in-person attendance be limited to counsel, Tribunal members and Tribunal staff. Claimants and members of the public may join a Judicial Conference by AVL, Zoom, teleconference or by viewing the conference via livestream.
Panel Meetings
24. Waitangi Tribunal Panel Meetings are the meetings held by Tribunal panel members to deliberate on and discuss matters before them. These are not public events, but often require Tribunal panel members to travel in order to attend in person.
25. To avoid any requirement for Tribunal members to travel, and having regard to the fact that many Waitangi Tribunal members are in the groups that have been identified as being at high risk to Covid-19, all Panel Meetings should be held remotely (via AVL, Zoom or teleconferencing) while this protocol is in place.
Hygiene
26. The Ministry of Justice has advised that it continues to take a number of steps to ensure the safety of those attending Tribunal events during Alert Level 2, including:
a. A designated hygiene officer to attend to hygiene, physical distancing and safe working practices.
b. Access will be denied to those
i. who have a temperature of 38°;
ii. showing signs of illness such as coughing or sneezing;
iii. reporting feeling unwell;
iv. who have had close contact with a suspected, probable or confirmed case of Covid-19; or
v. unwilling to disclose the purpose of their visit or their contact information.
c. Limiting entry to Tribunal parties and members of the public who are given permission to enter, in accordance with paragraph 19 above.
d. Maintaining an orderly queuing system to enter Tribunal events, reminding people not to enter if they are symptomatic, and offering wipes for items place in screening trays.
e. Maintaining a contact register.
f. Providing a daily supply of clean PPE for use by Tribunal staff, Presiding Officers and Members.
g. Maintaining a cleaning regime based on the Ministry of Health recommendations, with a wide range of deeper cleaning measures in key areas throughout public and non-public areas and regular cleans – for example during lunch breaks – to ensure that areas where there is high traffic are clean and sanitised.
h. Monitoring the provision of cleaning supplies such as soap and towels and ensuring availability of key products such as hand sanitiser at appropriate points around the Tribunal hearing venue.
i. Keeping under constant review all cleaning practices and procedures, to enable additional measures to be added if required.
j. Reminding those attending Tribunal events of the need to take personal responsibility for their own health and wellbeing – including washing hands regularly, following hygiene practices and, if unwell, following Ministry of Health guidance.
k. Leaving doors open where consistent with security, fire safety, privacy and noise reduction.
27. Safe distancing will be observed in Tribunal hearing venues, and the following hygiene practices can be expected:
a. Those working in the venue, including counsel, are required to maintain 1m social distancing, and alternate seats in public galleries will be taped off.
b. Cleaning products are available on site to enable staff and lawyers to keep their immediate areas clean (including AVL suites).
c. Face masks should be worn in all public spaces, in accordance with paragraphs 10-12 above. Gloves may also be worn.
d. Hand sanitiser will be readily available within the hearing venue.
e. The Tribunal will not normally permit documents to be handed up to the panel. Documents that parties wish to produce should be scanned and shared by email at the appropriate time.
28. Any concerns about health and safety practices should be raised with the Tribunal Registrar in the first instance.
Media
29. Accredited news media will continue to have entry to the Waitangi Tribunal in order to report on proceedings, and to ensure open and transparent justice. Remote access for accredited news media will continue to be facilitated in accordance with current protocols.
Expectations of counsel
30. Counsel are expected to assist the Tribunal by:
a. Briefing clients and witnesses on public health messages:
i. Not to come to any Tribunal event if unwell.
ii. To advise counsel as early as possible if they are unable to attend.
iii. Social distancing expectations in hearing venues and Tribunal offices.
iv. What they may expect by way of PPE and hygiene supplies in the Tribunal.
v. The limits on attendance by members of the public, as set out at paragraph 19 above.
b. Reducing the need for attendance in the Tribunal by counsel, claimants and witnesses by reviewing each attendance in advance and:
i. Seeking remote participation where appropriate.
ii. Limiting the number of witnesses via the use of agreed facts.
c. Raising any deficiencies with cleaning, the availability of cleaning supplies or physical distancing with the site manager immediately.
Community transmission response
31. At Alert Level 2, it remains possible that a new cluster of Covid-19 community transmission may be confirmed within a location served by the Tribunal. In that event the Tribunal will rely on official advice. Steps may be taken to reduce in-person attendances at Tribunal events to help protect those working or appearing there. The extent of any reduction will depend on the circumstances and official advice or notices.
32. If a location is required to return to Alert Level 3 or 4, the Tribunal is now better equipped for remote participation. Where practicable and appropriate, the Tribunal may conduct additional types of work by remote participation.
Variation to protocol
33. Any variation to this protocol, to address the circumstances of a particular case, must be approved by the Presiding Officer in consultation with the Tribunal Chairperson.